BMW’s ASA system, presented in 2024, automates a six-speed gearbox through two electromechanical actuators: one operates the clutch and the other the shift mechanism. A handlebar clutch lever is no longer needed. The system also manages clutch operation when pulling away and stopping.
In M mode, the rider chooses the shift point with the foot lever. It is not entirely manual, however: if engine speed falls below a limit for the selected gear, ASA downshifts automatically to prevent a stall.
In D mode, gear selection responds to the riding situation, including engine speed, throttle position, braking and lean angle. The rider can also request a change with the foot lever without leaving D mode; automatic selection resumes when a suitable transition is possible.
The distinction is therefore mainly who requests the gear change. Electronics coordinate the clutch in both cases, while the M/D button lets the rider switch between the two shifting modes.